Young



(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet l. R. YOUNG.

NETTING MACHINE.

110.463,116. Patented Nov. 10,1891.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2. R. YOUNG.

NETTING MACHINE.

110,463,116. Patented Nov. 10,1891.

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6 Sheets-Sheet 3. Y

(No Model.)

RQYOUNG. NETTING MACHINE.

,116. Patented Nov. 10, 1891.

' (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

R. YOUNG.

NETTING MACHINE.

110.463,116. Patented Nov. 10,1891.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

RAmUNGfl NETTING MACHINE.

Patented Nov. lO, 1891.

WITNESSES:

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6. R. YOUNG. NETTING MACHINE.

Patented Nov. 10,1891.

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Uivrrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT YOUNG, OF PATERSON, NEIV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO FRANK BARBOUR, OF LISBURN, IRELAND.

NETTlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 463,116, dated November 10, 1891.

Application tiled December 15, 1890.- Serial No. 374,808. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may cori/cern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT- YOUNG, a citi- Zen of Great Britain, residing at Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Netting-Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will en able others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in machinery for manufacturing nets.

Its object is the construction of a machine that will make a net the mesh of which is composed of what I call a double-lock knot. Previous to my invent-ion nets formed with such a knot have been made, so far as I am aware, by hand alone.

My invention consists of certain important and material changes, as hereinafter described and claimed, in that class of nettingmachines for making weavers knots a type of which is illustrated and described in English Patent No. 1,056 of 1859, to J. Stuart and IV. Stuart. In a machine as there illustrated I incorporate the mechanism which constitutes my present invention, which also constitutes an improvement on my pending application, Serial No. 369,891. Much, therefore, of the general mechanism and construction beyond what is necessary to illustrate the construc- Vthe form of knot made before and after it is drawn tight; and Figs. 12 to 19 are diagrams showing the diiferent positions of the parts forming the knots at each succcessive step of the operation.

The framing of the machine, as in the patl ent referred to, consists of open standards A,

which are connected bya transverse frame B,

to which some of the principal actuating portions of the mechanism are attached.

D is the cylinder on which the net as manu-y factured is wound, and which is provided with a series of pins (not here shown) corresponding in number to the meshes of the net to be made.

E representsafront hook, a series of which extend in a row across the machine, the function of which hooks is to catch the loops at the lower end of the net and give them a turn,

as hereinafter described. The form of this hook is shown in Fig. 7. They are preferably made of steel. The hook portion swells back'- ward until it terminates in a shoulder H, from which point extends a spindle F. This spindle extends from the shoulder H and carries at its opposite end a crank-arm G.

I is a longitudinal bar secured to an arm t" of the rocking frame H2, mounted on shaft H3 in said arm. The bar I is provided with two strips i2, through which and the bar a series of holes is made, composed of half a circle on the strips and on the bar, bored to receive the spindle portion of the hooks E. The strips i2 are movable, and are secured to the bar after the hooks are put in place by clampplates 5, and the clamp-plates are secured to the bar by screws, which are passed through the space or slot between the strips and into the bar.

K is a sliding comb-bar provided with a series of slots 14, into each of which slots is placed a crankarm G of the hooks E. The bar K is adapted to slide in a groove K of the bar I. Bar K is mounted on the bar K5, which extends across and slides on bar I, and is provided with a central stud K3 and smaller end studs K4.

L is a plate having a vertical side secured to the bar I and a horizontal top extending over and resting on the bars'I and K. The plate on its vertical face is provided with oblong horizontal slots, into which the studs K3 K4 project.

L2 is a rocking arm having a lower hole, by

which it is hung on the lower stud K2, also IOO from the center of the top plate L, and slotted so asto bear on projection M3 of the rocking arm L2. By giving the handle movement either to the right or left the comb-bar K, through the rocking arm L2, is slid in a corresponding'direction, and this movement of the bar K turns the crank-arms G of hooks E, thus giving these hooks a quarter-turn. This quarter-turn of the hooks has the effect to rst engage one side of a loop and then the other side in the operation of forming the loops, as hereinai` ter described, or to give the loops what is called a double turn.

The hook-bar F is moved to and fro in the required direction by means of the hand-lever J to present the hooks E in proper position in relation to the fallers and needles for the operation hereinafter described; This direction is given by a guide-plate L4, provided With a slot m5, in which enters a pin KG, projecting from the lever J. The plate UL is an elliptically-shaped iron plate supported at right angles to the machine on an outwardlyprojecting bracket that is secured to the front part of the frame B, as showny in Fig. l.

In my pending application, Serial No. 369,891, and in English Patent No. 1,056 of 1859, on which the devices herein claimed are improvelnents, the same form of plate is used; but the forml and extent of the slot in said plate herein used is materially different. In said patent and application the slot or groove is of the extent of an entire elliptical path With a further extension beyond the ellipse for the purpose of giving not only the to-andfr0 sidewise movement of the hooks, but to carry them through the needles, Whereas in my present device I do not carry the hooks E through the needles nor approach them; but I simply give the hooks a to-and-fro movement below the needles to place the loops of the net in proper position for forming the knots. Consequently I form the groove lmof different shape and about one-half the extent of the groove in the cases mentioned.

To the face of the plate L4 is fixed a stud O, onwhich is hung a pawl N, which is prevented from falling too far back by a stop O', fixed behindit. The form of guide-plate and the course taken by the guide-pin are indicated in Fig. 9.

I dispense with means for fixing the guidepin in anyone position in the plate L4 to lock the lever at a given point.

The object in my application above mentioned of fixing the lever J at a given point was to prevent the hooks E from falling onto the stationary needles; but as in the present case the hooks E are below said needles, the use of such a holding device is unnecessary. The whole Work of the hooks in forming the double knot in this specification is done below the needles. In said prior application pusher-needles were employed, and it was necessary in order that the hooks E should enter the grooves inthe pusher-needles that the pin on the lever J be allowed to run down to the end of the slot in the guide-plate; but, as in this specification, the pusher-needles are dispensed with, the only object of letting the pin on lever J run down the extension m6 of the slot is to hold the hooks when carrying the thread above the needles, so as to permit the shuttle to be thrown between the hooks and the needles.

The respective arrangement of the needles, hooks, and fallers is shown in Figs. l and 2. In the process of making a net the hook-bar I, carrying thev front hooks E, has to be moved alternately to the right or left, so as to cause the hooks to enter the fallers, one faller to the right or left., according to the position it Was in at the formation of the previous half-mesh.

The form of the needles and their location are shown in Fig'. 2 and in detail view, Fig. 8.

P is a brass needle, the outer extremity of which is bent in a lateral direction, and is turned downward to form a triangular blade p', as shown. A concavity p2 is formed in this part of the head of the needle. Each needle having this concavity, a horizontal groove is formed for the passage of the shuttlc when a series of the needles are arranged together. The inner endsl of these needles have a leaden shank R c-ast thereon, which have dovetailed indentations, by which they are fitted to the needle-bar P3. The needlebar is secured to the stationary supports S.

Q is a hooked arm pivoted directly above the needle P in a split stud q', which projects up from the shank R. The arm Q may be regarded as a second part lof the needle P. Its outer extremity is hooked and downwardly directed and laterally deflected, so that when that end is pushed down a ,triangular space is formed between the heads of P and Q, as shown in plan detail View, Fig. 8. The inner end of arm Q is secured to a link 59, which is connected to a lug t2 on back of a rocking plate T.

51 are back hooks mounted on a sliding and rocking frame 52, connected by links to rocker-arms 53, slotted and mounted on a shaft 54, having bearings in brackets 55, and which shaft is rocked by arm 6l and vertical rod 62 by a treadle.

S2 is a bracket bolted to the under side of needle bar P3 and having a downwardlyextending arm 53", having an eye at its extremity.

T is a plate having lugs t t2. u the plate T is pivoted by a bolt to the end of arm 53 of bracket kS2. By lugs 152, near the other end of the plate, the plate is pivoted to a link 56, the other end of which link is se# cured to an arm 57, which rocks on shaft 58. Frame 52 slides on the plate T, Which has its edges beveled to engage the inner sides of oppositely-beveled plates on the back of frame 52. The shaft 58 is rocked through connecting-arm 59F, and vertical rod 60 by a treadle controlled by the foot of the operator. By operation of shaft 54 and the connectingtreadle the frame carrying the back hooks is IOO,

IIO

IIS

Bv lugs t ISO given an upward angular sliding movement, and by the action of shaft 5S and the connecting-treadle and link 56 the sliding frame gets its forward and back or oscillating mot-ion.

The fallers, which are represented by the letter X, are thin steel bars, the upper end of each of which terminates in a hook. The lower ends ofthe fallers rest upon a transverse bar y when they are in their lowest po- 14 is a cam-disk to give the faller its Sition. upward movement, and is mounted on a shaft 15, which is journaled in bearings secured to the frame. The outer end of shaft 15 carries a pinion 16, engaging with a wormshaft 1'7, driven by a pulley 18. The faller is kept in Contact with the cam by `means of a double coiled spring 19, one end of which is secured to the frame B, while the other end rests in a notch in the faller.

J1 is a swinging bar, which is also known as a relievingor chapping bar, the functions of which are to force the mesh off the front hooks E and push the thread intoa slot 32 of the stationary needle P Q. y Itis mounted on shaft 40, which has its bearings in bracke ets 4l. Said shatthas connected thereto an arm 42, connected to a link and rod 43, which in turn is secured to one of the bottom treadlelevers.

The operation of the machine is as follows: About half a yard of netting is rst secured on the cylinder or beam D. The lower row oi' loops is first placed by hand on the series of fallers X, in the position shown in Fig. 12. The sliding and rocking frame 52 is then moved forward, carrying the back hooks 51 forward to engage one side of the loops, as shown in Fig. l2. Frame 52 is then slid back, thus opening the loop, as shown in Fig. 13. The hooks E are then rocked on their shaft from the guide-plate or fair-leader7 by the lever .l and given a forward movement over the-top of the fallers, and which movement also brings the hooks E under the needles P. The mesh being held between the beam and the fallers, the hooks E by this movement take .hold of the same side of the mesh as back hooks 51, as shown in Fig. 14, and are then moved back and take hold of the other side of the mesh, as shown in Fig. 15, by which operation the double twist is formed. To perform this operation it is only necessary by reason of the peculiar formation of the hooks E, as shown in Fig. 3, to give the hooks a slight turn, as also indicated in dotted lines in said figure. 'lhen the hooks E are lowered by the lever mechanism and far enough to disen gage the loops from the fallers X, (shown in Fig. 16,) the fallers at the same time being also raised. Then the fallers are lowered and the hooks E are moved up and under needles P and above back hooks 5l, as shown in Fig. Y17. The hooks E are then pulled back and the back hooks 51 moved up and forward, as shown in Fig. 18, so as to carry the loops between needles P, the needles Q having been raised throwing them off the hooks.

above the needles P when the fallers are raised to permit the mesh to be introduced between the two needles, and as the back hooks are withdrawn the plate to which they are attached is oscillated so as to bring the `back hooks in a nearly perpendicular posiviate the necessity of carrying the hooks E above the needles and lowering them between the needles, and also the employment of pusher-needles. The next movement is to bring the relieving-bar 3l down, which pushes the thread of the mesh held by the hooks E into slot 32, formed in the under side of the head of needle P. Then the lever J is pulled down, which raises hooks E over the needles P and so as to permit the shuttle carrying the spoolyarn to be thrown between the same and along the track formed b`y the head of the needles P. The fallers are raised to their full extent at the same time the hooks E are raised and before the shuttle goes through. After the shuttle is thrown the fallers are forced down by the spring 19 and carry the spool-thread with them. As soonas the fallers are down the relieving-bar, which has been returned to its former position, is again brought down to relieve the thread from the hooks E, which it does by striking the face of the threads and The beam D is then given a slight turn by meahs of the treadle mechanism which tightens the thread and draws the knots taut, and 4thus is completed a row of meshes.

The chief advantages produced by my present improvements are to greatly lessen the expense of construction by reducing the number of parts and simplifying, quickening, and rendering more efficient the operation of the machine by dispensing with the pusher-bars and all its connections, by changing the form of fair-leader, the form and operation of the front hooks, the movements and operation of the frame carrying the back hooks, and by also dispensing with the mechanism hitherto employed for relieving the beam.

I iind by my present improvements the amount of work turned outis increased nearly fifty per cent. over methods hitherto employed IOO IIO

withwhich I am acquainted. Again, this mawhich the cranks of said arm are connected, substantially as described.

2. In a netting-machine, the front hook E, provided with a hook portion, a spindle portion, and a crank on the end of the spindle, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a netting-machine, the front hooks E, each provided with the spindle and crank, in combination with a plate provided with slots in which said cranks are placed, a bar in which said plate slides, and mechanism for giving said plate a toand-fro lateral motion, whereby the hooks are rotated, substantially as described. l

4. In a nettngmach'ine, in combination with front hooks, the longitudinal bar for vholding the front hooks, said bar provided with removable strips 2, both bar and strips grooved to form holes for the .reception of the said hooks, and clamps for holding the said strips to the bar, substantially as described.

5. In a netting-machine having front hooks, in combination with a longitudinal bar I for holding said hooks, a comb-bar K, adapted to slide laterally in agroove in the hook-bar, a supporting-bar on which the comb-bar is mounted and which slides on the hook-barl and is provided with studs on its face, a slotted covering-plate to tit over said studs and resting on top of the hook-bar, a rocking lever on the comb-bar, and a handle pivoted to the covering-plate and bearing on the rocking lever for giving the comb-bar its sidewise movement, substantially as described.

6. In a 'netting-machine, a stationary needle, in combination with la movable needle pivoted to the top of the stationary needle, substantially as described. l

7. In a netting-machine, the combination of the stationary needle P, the movable needle Q, pivoted to the top of the stationary needle, in combination with a rocking backhook frame, back hooks, and operating mechanism therefor, substantially as described.

S. In a netting-machine, the back hooks, the sliding angular bracket on which said hooks are mounted, a to-and-fro oscillatingr frame, and lever mechanism, whereby said hooks are given alternately botha vertical angular movement and a forward rocking movement, substantially as described.

9. In a netting-machine, in combination with the needles, the needlebar P3, the bracket S2, bolted to the under side of the needle-bar and having a downwardly-extending arm 53*, the rocking plate T, to which said arm is connected, a link connecting said plate to a rocker-shaft, said shaft7 and treadle mechanism, substantially as described.

10. In a netting-machine, the back hooks, in combination with a sliding frame to which said hooks are secured, a plate T, in which said frame slides, slotted rocker-arms to which the said frame is connected by links sliding in the slots of said rocker-arms, a shaft 54, to which said rocker-arms are secured, and a treadle mechanism for operating said shaft, substantially as described.

ll. A netting-machine comprising, in combination, the series of front hooks,'rocking mechanism for giving said hooks a turn, needles P Q and their rocker and actuating mechanism, back hooks and sliding frame set in an angular direction,the fallers,reliev ing-bar, and actuating-treadle mechanism,

^ substantially described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

J os. H. BLAoKwooD, ALBERT B. BLAcKwooD. 

